In modern society, the term robot has been felt so familiar. Although its presence may still rarely found in many places. But at least will soon know if it is mentioned about robots. While, for most people, robots are often interpreted as a human-shaped machine that could make a move or act like humans. This is an image generated by most science fiction film genre.
Then the definition what is a robot itself? According to the site inventors.about.com robot is an automated device that performs functions normally ascribed to humans or a human-shaped machine. Perhaps a definition is less precise because there are some robots that are shaped like a human being or a part of human organs and replace the jobs previously done by humans even though many of its goals the creation of the robot is to it. Due to the fact that robots have successfully created and later became famous, it's not a robot that resembles the shape of human body organ or part. For example the robot dog Aibo ERS-210 made by SONY company.
Starting from a short story
Since when is a human robot knows? The legend says that first popularized the term robot in a short story (short story) entitled Runaround, written by Isaac Asimov in 1942. Actually the term robot already used by Karel Capek, a playwright from Czechoslovakia. Short story tells about the robot therapy. Inspired on the short story Runaround, Joseph Weizenbaum, a professor at the Institute of Massachusetts, making Eliza program in 1966. There are about 240 lines of code created by Weizenbaum to simulate a psikotherapy.
It was not only Prof. Weizenbaum are obsessed with the work of Asimov's short story Runaround it. Ten years before Prof. Weizenbaum makes the program Elilza, George Devol and Joseph Engelberger had already been talking about making a robot based on the idea that the story of the short story Runaround. They both then set up a company called Unimation, an abbreviation of the term Universal Automation. Unimation became the first company in the world to produce commercial robots. Even until now the company is reportedly still in production.
Period Robot Technology
Although there are some who may not be defined as a robot, but the results are arranged in order of creation or period below is considered as a development from the embryo of robot technology.
1. Sebelem year 270 BC, Ctesibus, in ancient Greece has made organs and water clocks that can make certain movements.
2. In 1818, Mary Shelley wrote the novel "Frankenstein" the famous and forbidding it. The story of the man who was created by Dr. Frankenstein.
3. 1921, the term "robot" was first used in a play called "RUR" or "Rossum's Universal Robots" written by authors from the Czech Republic, Karel Capek. Simply put this drama about human mengkisahkan making robots and robots that eventually kill the human who created it.
4. 1941, science fiction writer Isaac Asimov first used the word "robot" to describe the technology of robots and predicted the emergence of strong industrial robots.
5. In 1942, Asimov wrote "Runaround", a story about robots and introducing "Three Laws of Robotics".
6. In 1948, Cybernetics ", an article about the influence on the results of artificial intelligence which was published by Norbert Wiener. In those days, was also a pioneer of robotic technology in the UK, William Grey Walter created a simple robot, named Elmer and Elsie that mimic lifelike behavior using electronics.
7. George Devol and Joseph Engleberger create a robot arm that is programmed for the first time and created the term Universal Automation for the first time also.
8. In 1956, George Devol and Joseph Engelberger formed the company producing the world's first robot. In this year also an electronic robot squirrel-shaped and named Squee created.
9. In 1959, Computer Assisted Manufacturingg Servomechanisms was demonstrated in the laboratory at MIT.
10. In 1961, the first industrial robot was exhibited at the General Motors automobile factory in New Jersey. The robot was called UNIMATE.
11. In 1963, artificial robotic arm controlled by computer were first designed. Arm (hand) robot is designed as a tool for the disabled with the completeness of the six joints that provide the flexibility of the human arm.
12. In 1965, the first manufacture of advanced systems and called DENDRAL. This program is designed to carry out the accumulated knowledge of the subject experts.
13. In 1968, Marvin Minsky made arm Octopus tentacles called.
14. In 1969, the manufacture of the Stanford arm which is driven by electricity. This robotic arm controlled by computer.
15. In 1970, the emergence of Shakey the robot is touted as the first mobile robot controlled by artificial intelligence. This robot was created by SRI International.
16. In 1974, the design of a robotic arm that works based on feedback and pressure sensors. The robot, called by the name of the Silver Arm is used for assembling the components in the field of industry.
17. In 1979, the first time demonstrated the ability of a robot passing by in a room full of chairs. Stanford robot dubbed it can avoid crashing into the chairs are placed randomly in the room. This robot is equipped with cameras that convey images to the computer field laluan. Furthermore, the computer account object distance and the barriers that exist in the field.
In the period following the creation of robots can be obtained through a lot of information published by mass media. Please you are seeking information through electronic media or print media.
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